This course will follow on from the previous one, but can be taken on its own, and will look at the effect of the last four centuries on the landscape around us. In 1600 most of the population still lived in the country, but the changes of the early modern and modern period mean that the majority is urban today. Yeoman farmers built up their land holdings during the 17th century, and the new gentry increased theirs too, at the expense of small farmers. In the 18th and 19th centuries Parliamentary enclosure reshaped whole landscapes, and enormous acreages were reclaimed from the wild. At the same time new fashions in houses and gardens were transforming the gentry's surroundings, and the mills and factories were marching across the fields elsewhere.
There will be plenty of visual material in the course, and there will be documents and maps for students to sample and work on.